androgen receptor Rekombinanter Antikörper

androgen receptor Rekombinant Antikörper für IHC, WB, ELISA

Wirt / Isotyp

Kaninchen / IgG

Getestete Reaktivität

human

Anwendung

WB, IHC, ELISA

Konjugation

Unkonjugiert

CloneNo.

4O18

Kat-Nr. : 81844-1-RR

Synonyme

AIS, androgen receptor, AR, DHTR, Dihydrotestosterone receptor, HUMARA, HYSP1, KD, NR3C4, SBMA, SMAX1, TFM

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Galerie der Validierungsdaten

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  WB analysis using 81844-1-RR

  Various lysates were subjected to SDS PAGE followed by western blot with 81844-1-RR (androgen receptor antibody) at dilution of 1:10000 incubated at room temperature for 1.5 hours.

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  WB analysis using 81844-1-RR

  Various lysates were subjected to SDS PAGE followed by western blot with 81844-1-RR (androgen receptor antibody) at dilution of 1:20000 incubated at room temperature for 1.5 hours.

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  IHC staining of human prostate cancer using 81844-1-RR

  Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human prostate cancer tissue slide using 81844-1-RR (androgen receptor antibody) at dilution of 1:1000 (under 10x lens). Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0).

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  IHC staining of human prostate cancer using 81844-1-RR

  Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human prostate cancer tissue slide using 81844-1-RR (androgen receptor antibody) at dilution of 1:1000 (under 40x lens). Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0).

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Geprüfte Anwendungen

• Erfolgreiche Detektion in WB: LNCaP-Zellen, K-562-Zellen, MCF-7-Zellen
• Erfolgreiche Detektion in IHC: humanes Prostatakarzinomgewebe; Hinweis: Antigendemaskierung mit TE-Puffer pH 9,0 empfohlen. (*) Wahlweise kann die Antigendemaskierung auch mit Citratpuffer pH 6,0 erfolgen.

Empfohlene Verdünnung

• Western Blot (WB): WB : 1:5000-1:50000
• Immunhistochemie (IHC): IHC : 1:500-1:2000

It is recommended that this reagent should be titrated in each testing system to obtain optimal results.

Sample-dependent, check data in validation data gallery

Produktinformation

81844-1-RR bindet in WB, IHC, ELISA androgen receptor und zeigt Reaktivität mit human

• Getestete Reaktivität: human
• Wirt / Isotyp: Kaninchen / IgG
• Klonalität: Rekombinant
• Typ: Antikörper
• Immunogen: androgen receptor fusion protein Ag17291
• Vollständiger Name: androgen receptor
• Berechnetes Molekulargewicht: 914 aa, 99 kDa
• Beobachtetes Molekulargewicht: 110-120 kD
• GenBank-Zugangsnummer: BC132975
• Gene symbol: AR
• Gene ID (NCBI): 367
• Konjugation: Unkonjugiert
• Form: Liquid
• Reinigungsmethode: Protein-A-Reinigung
• Lagerungspuffer: PBS mit 0.02% Natriumazid und 50% Glycerin pH 7.3.
• Lagerungsbedingungen: Bei -20°C lagern. Nach dem Versand ein Jahr lang stabil Aliquotieren ist bei -20^oC Lagerung nicht notwendig. 20ul Größen enthalten 0,1% BSA.

Hintergrundinformationen

Androgen receptor (AR) is a steroid hormone receptor for androgenic hormones such as 17β-Hydroxy-3-oxo-4-androstene and DHT. AR plays a vital role in developing and maintaining male sex phenotypes as well as an additional role in regulating bone metabolism.

1. What is the molecular weight of AR? Are there any isoforms of AR?
The molecular weight of full-length androgen receptor (AR-B) is 110 kDa. An additional variant, AR-A, has an 87 kDa size and lacks the N-terminal 187 amino acids of AR-A (PMID: 8108393). Recently, more splice variants of AR have been discovered, raising protein products of around 80 kDa length (PMID: 19244107), as well as an AR45 variant of 45 kDa size (PMID: 15634333). AR splice variants differ in their cell line-specific expression (PMID: 24570075).

2. What is the subcellular localization of AR?
AR can be present in either or both of the cytoplasm and nucleus. In androgen-deprived cells, AR is found predominantly in the cytoplasm, while stimulation by androgens causes enrichment of androgen-bound AR in the nucleus. AR shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus and its phosphorylation state has an impact on subcellular localization (PMID: 16282370).

3. Is AR post-translationally modified?
Post-translational modifications of the AR include phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, SUMOylation, and ubiquitination (PMID: 21820033). These modifications have an impact on receptor stability, activity, and can change the observed molecular weight of the AR.

4. How to study AR signaling in cell culture?
It is important to control levels of cell stimulation while also looking at AR signaling. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) that is typically used in cell culture contains low levels of 17β-Hydroxy-3-oxo-4-androstene that are enough to stimulate the growth of prostate cells (PMID: 19676093), including the LNCaP cell line that is a commonly used human prostatic carcinoma cell model (PMID: 6831420). One possibility for complete 17β-Hydroxy-3-oxo-4-androstene deprivation is to use charcoal stripped FBS that removes lipophilic agents, including androgens. It is also not recommended to use phenol red in your medium because it is a weak estrogen (PMID: 3458212). Cell stimulation is often conducted by DHT.

5. What is the role of AR in prostate cancer?
AR plays a key role in the development and physiology of the prostate gland, and also cancer progression (PMID: 15082523). Mutations in AR altering ligands have been observed. The progression of the prostate cancer depends on AR activity and therefore blocking AR activity or lowering androgen levels is a key step related to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).