UBD, also named as FAT10, contains two ubiquitin-like domains. It is a ubiquitin-like protein modifier which can be covalently attached to target protein and subsequently leads to their degradation by the 26S proteasome, in a NUB1L-dependent manner. UBD also has important roles in cell mitosis, chromosome instability, apoptosis and immune response. UBD mediates apoptosis in a caspase-dependent manner, especially in renal epithelium and tubular cells during renal diseases such as polycystic kidney disease and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy (HIVAN). It promotes the expression of the proteasome subunit beta type-9 (PSMB9/LMP2). UBD regulates TNF-alpha-induced and LPS-mediated activation of the central mediator of innate immunity NF-kappa-B by promoting TNF-alpha-mediated proteasomal degradation of ubiquitinated-I-kappa-B-alpha. It may be involved in dendritic cell (DC) maturation, the process by which immature dendritic cells differentiate into fully competent antigen-presenting cells that initiate T cell responses. UBD may be a marker for precancerous lesions and may promote cancer progression. This antibody is a rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against full length UBD of human origin.