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PD-L1/CD274 (C-terminal) Polyclonal antibody

PD-L1/CD274 (C-terminal) Polyclonal Antibody for WB, IHC, IF-P, IP, ELISA

Host / Isotype

Rabbit / IgG

Reactivity

human, mouse, rat

Applications

WB, IHC, IF-P, IP, CoIP, ChIP, ELISA

Conjugate

Unconjugated

Cat no : 28076-1-AP

Synonyms

CD274, PD-L1, PDCD1 ligand 1, PD L1, hPD-L1



Tested Applications

Positive WB detected inIFN gamma treated A549 cells, mouse heart tissue, rat heart tissue, MDA-MB-231 cells, human placenta tissue, THP-1 cells
Positive IP detected inMDA-MB-231 cells
Positive IHC detected inhuman tonsillitis tissue, human placenta tissue, human breast cancer tissue, human lung cancer tissue, human cervical cancer tissue
Note: suggested antigen retrieval with TE buffer pH 9.0; (*) Alternatively, antigen retrieval may be performed with citrate buffer pH 6.0
Positive IF-P detected inhuman tonsillitis tissue, human placenta tissue

Recommended dilution

ApplicationDilution
Western Blot (WB)WB : 1:300-1:1000
Immunoprecipitation (IP)IP : 0.5-4.0 ug for 1.0-3.0 mg of total protein lysate
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)IHC : 1:500-1:2000
Immunofluorescence (IF)-PIF-P : 1:50-1:500
It is recommended that this reagent should be titrated in each testing system to obtain optimal results.
Sample-dependent, Check data in validation data gallery.

Product Information

28076-1-AP targets PD-L1/CD274 (C-terminal) in WB, IHC, IF-P, IP, CoIP, ChIP, ELISA applications and shows reactivity with human, mouse, rat samples.

Tested Reactivity human, mouse, rat
Cited Reactivityhuman, mouse, rat
Host / Isotype Rabbit / IgG
Class Polyclonal
Type Antibody
Immunogen PD-L1/CD274 (C-terminal) fusion protein Ag27557
Full Name CD274 molecule
Calculated Molecular Weight 290 aa, 33 kDa
Observed Molecular Weight 45-50 kDa
GenBank Accession NumberBC074984
Gene Symbol PD-L1
Gene ID (NCBI) 29126
RRIDAB_2881052
Conjugate Unconjugated
Form Liquid
Purification MethodAntigen affinity purification
Storage Buffer PBS with 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol pH 7.3.
Storage ConditionsStore at -20°C. Stable for one year after shipment. Aliquoting is unnecessary for -20oC storage. 20ul sizes contain 0.1% BSA.

Background Information

PD-L1, also known as CD274 or B7H1, stands for programmed cell death ligand 1. It is a type I transmembrane protein that is thought to repress immune responses by binding to its receptor (PD1), thus inhibiting T-cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine production. It contains V-like and C-like immunoglobulin domains. PD-L1 expression is regulated by various cytokines, such as TNF-α or LPS (ISSN: 1848-7718). Increased expression of this protein in certain types of cancers, e.g., renal cell carcinoma or colon cancer, correlates with poor prognosis. 

What is the molecular weight of PD-L1? 

Depending on the isoform, the calculated molecular weight of the protein varies between 20 and 33 kDa (176-290 aa). 

What are the isoforms of PD-L1? 

According to NCBI, three different isoforms have been identified. There are significant differences in the untranslated and protein coding regions. 

What is the subcellular localization and tissue specificity of PD-L1? 

It is predicted to localize in the plasma membrane of various cell types, with a particularly high expression in placental trophoblast and subsets of immune cells. High levels of PD-L1 protein have also been detected in lung and colon tissues. 

What is the function of PD-L1 in immune responses? 

PD-L1 is critical for the induction and maintenance of immune self-tolerance during infection or inflammation in normal tissues. The interaction of PD-L1 and its receptors is responsible for preventing auto-immune phenotypes and balancing the overall immune response in situations such as pregnancy or tissue allografts. The interaction between PD-L1 and PD-1 or B7.1 starts an inhibitory signaling cascade, which results in the decreased proliferation of antigen-specific T-cells and increased survival of regulatory T-cells (PMID: 15240681). 

How can PD-L1's implication in cancer be used as a drug target? 

In certain tumors, high expression of PD-L1 serves as a stop-sign to inhibit the recognition of cancer cells by T-cells (PMID: 23087408). The interaction between PD-L1 and its receptors (PD1 and B7.1) is a mechanism for the tumor to evade the host immune response (PMID: 29357948). Several mAbs have been developed to target that interaction and thus prevent the inactivation of cytotoxic T-cells by the tumor (PMIDs: 23890059, 18173375).


Protocols

Product Specific Protocols
WB protocol for PD-L1/CD274 (C-terminal) antibody 28076-1-APDownload protocol
IHC protocol for PD-L1/CD274 (C-terminal) antibody 28076-1-APDownload protocol
IF protocol for PD-L1/CD274 (C-terminal) antibody 28076-1-APDownload protocol
IP protocol for PD-L1/CD274 (C-terminal) antibody 28076-1-APDownload protocol
Standard Protocols
Click here to view our Standard Protocols

Publications

SpeciesApplicationTitle
mouseIHC

ACS Cent Sci

Allosteric Regulation of IGF2BP1 as a Novel Strategy for the Activation of Tumor Immune Microenvironment

Authors - Yang Liu
humanIF

Cell Rep Med

Benzosceptrin C induces lysosomal degradation of PD-L1 and promotes antitumor immunity by targeting DHHC3

Authors - Qun Wang
human,mouseWB,IHC

Sci Adv

Inhibition of ACLY overcomes cancer immunotherapy resistance via polyunsaturated fatty acids peroxidation and cGAS-STING activation

Authors - Wei Xiang
mouseWB

Sci Adv

Promoting the activation of T cells with glycopolymer-modified dendritic cells by enhancing cell interactions.

Authors - Liyin Yu
humanWB

Biosens Bioelectron

Aptamer-bivalent-cholesterol-mediated proximity entropy-driven exosomal protein reporter for tumor diagnosis

Authors - Zhichao Fan
human,mouseWB,IHC

J Exp Clin Cancer Res

Anoikis resistance and immune escape mediated by Epstein-Barr virus-encoded latent membrane protein 1-induced stabilization of PGC-1α promotes invasion and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Authors - Chaoliang Liao