Animal-free Recombinant Human IL-1 beta expressed in human 293 cells has a very high activity with a typical EC50 of ≤0.1 ng/mL using a bioassay to measure stimulation of the proliferation of mouse D10S cells. In comparison with the E. coli expressed protein, IL-1 beta is 50% more potent promoting human CD4+ T cell differentiation into Th17 cells. This cytokine is important for inflammatory responses. It is also involved in a variety of cellular activities which includes cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. It is produced in a serum-free, chemically defined media.

Interleukin-1 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine with multiple biological effects. The IL-1 gene family encodes three proteins: IL-1α, IL-1β and their naturally occurring inhibitor Il-1RN. Interleukin 1β(IL-1β), mainly produced by blood monocytes and tissue macrophages, has been implicated in mediating both acute and chronic inflammation. IL-1β is known to be involved in a variety of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. IL-1β is emerging as a key mediator of carcinogenesis that characterizes host-environment interactions (PMID: 8630372; PMID: 12401481; PMID: 23704929; PMID: 24618930).