Erythropoietin (Epo) is a member of the EPO/TPO family and encodes a secreted, glycosylated cytokine composed of four alpha helical bundles. Erythropoietin (Epo) is a 166 amino acids protein containing three N-glycosylation sites (Asn-24, Asn-38, and Asn-83) and 1 O- glycosylation site (Ser-126) and involved in the regulation of the level of red blood cells. The protein is found in the plasma and regulates red cell production by promoting erythroid differentiation and initiating hemoglobin synthesis. Its effect is realized by binding erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) expressed on erythroid progenitor cells. EpoR, is a glycoprotein expressed on megakaryocytes, erythroid progenitors and endothelial cells. Epo also has neuroprotective activity against a variety of potential brain injuries and antiapoptotic functions in several tissue types.